Canada
| Canada | |
|---|---|
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| Capital | Ottawa |
| Largest City | Toronto |
| Official Languages | English and French |
| Government Type | Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy |
| Area (km²) | 9,984,670 |
| Population Estimate | 39,858,480 (2023) |
| Currency | Canadian dollar (CAD) |
| Drives on | Right |
| Calling Code | +1 |
Canada is the second-largest country in the world by total area, located in the northern part of North America.[1] Bordered by the United States to the south and the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, and Arctic Ocean on three sides, Canada is known for its vast landscapes, multicultural society, and political stability.[2]
History
Canada's history dates back thousands of years with the presence of Indigenous peoples.[3] In the 16th century, French and British expeditions explored and later colonized parts of the country. In 1867, Canada became a self-governing Dominion of the British Empire through the Confederation, uniting four provinces: Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia.[4] Today, Canada is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy with ten provinces and three territories.
Geography
Canada spans over 9.98 million square kilometers and consists of diverse landscapes, including mountains, forests, prairies, and Arctic tundra.[5] Its major physical regions include the Canadian Shield, the Rocky Mountains, and the Great Lakes.
Government and Politics
Canada is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy with a Prime Minister as the head of government and a monarch as the ceremonial head of state.[1] The country is divided into ten provinces and three territories, each with significant autonomy.[6]
Economy
Canada has a highly developed economy, ranking among the world's largest. Key industries include natural resources, manufacturing, technology, and services.[7] The country is one of the world's leading exporters of oil and natural gas.[8]
Demographics
As of 2023, Canada's population is approximately 39.8 million, with Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal being its largest cities.[9] Canada is officially bilingual, with English and French recognized as official languages.[10]
Culture
Canada is renowned for its multiculturalism, reflected in its arts, music, and cuisine. National symbols include the maple leaf, beaver, and the hockey puck.[11] Popular sports include ice hockey and lacrosse.[12]
Notable Landmarks
- CN Tower, Toronto
- Banff National Park, Alberta
- Niagara Falls, Ontario
- Parliament Hill, Ottawa[13]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Central Intelligence Agency: The World Factbook - Canada
- ↑ Encyclopaedia Britannica: Canada
- ↑ The Canadian Encyclopedia: Indigenous Peoples in Canada
- ↑ Government of Canada: About Canada
- ↑ Natural Resources Canada: Geography of Canada
- ↑ The Canadian Encyclopedia: Provinces and Territories
- ↑ Statistics Canada: Economy
- ↑ Canada Energy Regulator: Oil and Gas
- ↑ Statistics Canada: Population
- ↑ Britannica: Official Languages Act
- ↑ Government of Canada: National Symbols
- ↑ The Canadian Encyclopedia: National Sports of Canada
- ↑ Parliament Hill - Parks Canada