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| country = Bangladesh
| country = Bangladesh
| established = 1976
| established = 1976
| firstawarded = 1976
| first_award = 1976
| lastawarded = 2024
| last_award = 2020
| total_awarded =
| total =  
| presenter = [[File:Government Seal of Bangladesh.svg|20px]] [[Government of Bangladesh]]
| awarded_by = <br>[[File:Government Seal of Bangladesh.svg|30px]]<br />[[Government of Bangladesh]]
| description =
| description =
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| ribbon  = [[File:Ekushey Padak Ribbon.svg|100px]]
| ribbon  = [[File:Ekushey Padak Ribbon.jpg|70px]]
| higher  = [[Independence Day Award]]
| higher  = [[Independence Day Award]]
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'''Ekushey Padak''' ({{langx|bn|একুশে পদক|Ēkuśē Pôdôk|Medal of the [[Language Martyrs' Day|Twenty-first]]}}) is the second highest civilian award in [[Bangladesh]], introduced in memory of the martyrs of the [[Bengali Language Movement]] of 1952.<ref name=Banglapedia>{{cite book |last=Khan |first=Sanjida |year=2012 |chapter=National Awards |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=National_Awards |editor1-last=Islam |editor1-first=Sirajul |editor1-link=Sirajul Islam |editor2-last=Jamal |editor2-first=Ahmed A. |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |edition=Second |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |access-date=2016-03-12 |archive-date=2021-12-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211224091531/https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=National_Awards |url-status=live }}</ref> The award is given to recognize contributions in a number of fields, including culture, education, and economics. The Ministry of Cultural Affairs administers the award.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/post/104540 |title=Nomination proposals sought for Ekushey Padak-2018 |work=The Independent |location=Dhaka |date=17 July 2017 |access-date=21 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180121190216/http://www.theindependentbd.com/post/104540 |archive-date=21 January 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
'''Ekushey Padak''' is one of the highest [[civilian]] [[award]]s in [[Bangladesh]]. It was introduced in memory of the martyrs of the [[Bengali Language Movement|Language Movement of 1952]].<ref name="Gupta691">Om Gupta, ''Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh'' (Delhi: Isha Books, 2006), p. 691</ref>  


The award consists of an 18-carat [[gold]] medal weighing 3 [[Tola (unit)|tolas]], a certificate of honour and a cash award.<ref name=Banglapedia/> The medal was designed by the artist [[Nitun Kundu]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Artist Nitun Kundu passes away |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/09/16/d6091601044.htm |newspaper=The Daily Star |date=16 September 2006 |access-date=10 October 2006 |archive-date=2 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130302015050/http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/09/16/d6091601044.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> The amount of the cash reward was originally ৳ 25,000, but it was increased to ৳ 100,000 in 2015, to ৳ 200,000 in 2017 and to ৳ 400,000 as of November 2019.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/11/21/national-awards-money-doubled-amount-for-independence-award-raised-to-tk-500000 |title=National awards money doubled, amount for Independence Award raised to Tk 500,000 |work=bdnews24.com |date=21 November 2019 |access-date=13 March 2022 |archive-date=18 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220318095344/https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2019/11/21/national-awards-money-doubled-amount-for-independence-award-raised-to-tk-500000 |url-status=live }}</ref>
The award consists of 100,000 [[Taka]], an 18 [[Carat (purity)|carat]] [[gold]] medal weighing 3 [[Tola (unit)|tolas]]. It also includes a certificate of honour.<ref name="Gupta691" /> The medal was designed by the artist [[Nitun Kundu]].<ref name="kunduobit">[http://www.thedailystar.net/2006/09/16/d6091601044.htm Obituary of Nitun Kundu], The Daily Star, September 16, 2006.</ref>
The amount of the cash reward was originally 25 [[thousand]] [[taka]], but it was increased to 100 thousand taka. The [[Ministry of Cultural Affairs (Bangladesh)|Ministry of Cultural Affairs]] manages the Padak.


==Etymology==
==Prize categories and winners==
The name ''Ekushey''<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thedailystar.net/the-relevance-of-ekushey-12249 |title=The relevance of ekushey |work=The Daily Star |date=21 February 2014 |access-date=21 January 2018 |archive-date=1 March 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301163212/http://www.thedailystar.net/the-relevance-of-ekushey-12249 |url-status=live }}</ref> is important to Bengali nationalism, referring to 21 February 1952, commemorated as [[Language Movement Day]] and [[International Mother Language Day]], when students campaigning for official status of the Bengali language within [[Pakistan]] were killed by police.<ref>{{citation |author=Ahmed Rafique |chapter=Ekushey February |chapter-url=http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ekushey_February |title=Banglapedia: National Encyclopedia of Bangladesh |editor=Sirajul Islam and Ahmed A. Jamal |publisher=[[Asiatic Society of Bangladesh]] |year=2012 |edition=Second |access-date=2017-03-07 |archive-date=2017-02-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170210234502/http://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Ekushey_February |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Image:Ekushe Padak.jpg|thumb|left|Certificate of Ekushey Padak given to [[Principal Abul Kashem]]]]


==Method of giving==
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Language movement|Ekushey Padak in Language movement]]
In the case of Ekushey Padak, following methods are followed.
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Language and literature|Ekushey Padak in Language and literature]]
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Education and research|Ekushey Padak in Education and research]]
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Arts|Ekushey Padak in Arts]]
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Journalism|Ekushey Padak in Journalism]]
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Science and technology|Ekushey Padak in Science and technology]]
*[[List of Ekushey Padak winners in Social welfare|Ekushey Padak in Social welfare]]


# All the ministries / divisions, deputy commissioners and the Ministry of Culture, under the attachment table, are requested to give a proposal to the Directorate / Department / Organization and the award of prizes to the public universities. All electronic and print press releases are published to get the names of eligible people to receive this award or nomination. In addition, full information was published on the information ministry website.
==Awards by decade==
# Those who have previously received Ekushey Padak or Independence Medal can send nomination proposals to qualified individuals or organizations.
*Ekushey Padak  Awards (1976–1979)
# The proposers have to mention about their proposed person about 350 words in their short biography and in the organization, the identity of the organization (including proofs).
*Ekushey Padak  Awards (1980–1989)
# The National Committee on Citizenship and Cultural Affairs, the sub-committee selects the primary list for selection of Ekushey Padak nomination or submits the appropriate person or organization to the Prime Minister in the consideration of the cabinet committee.
*Ekushey Padak Awards (1990–1999)
# If the Prime Minister approves, the name of the person (class) / institution (s) selected in the radio, television and newspapers in the first week of February is published. Earlier, the ministry of culture will contact the person / organization (posthumous paternal or his / her / her successor) in the respective medal and accept the acceptance of medal from them.
*Ekushey Padak Awards (2000–2009)
# If a person / institution refuses to accept the medal or does not have their opinion at the particular time, then it will be reported to the cabinet division. Name of that person / organization will not be included in the final list of medals and their names will not be declared as medal recipients.
*Ekushey Padak Awards (2010–2019)
# The Honorable President / Prime Minister will lift the Ekushey Padak in the year when the names of the recipients will be announced.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.moca.gov.bd/site/page/3cd3fd38-2866-46a4-931b-0593cf89239e/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE |script-title=bn:একুশে পদক প্রদান নীতিমালা |trans-title=Method of giving Ekushey Padak |website=[[Ministry of Cultural Affairs (Bangladesh)|Ministry of Culture]] |language=bn |access-date=27 February 2018 |archive-date=9 December 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161209165117/http://www.moca.gov.bd/site/page/3cd3fd38-2866-46a4-931b-0593cf89239e/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE |url-status=live }}</ref>
 
==Fields==
===Ekushey Padak in Art===
Ekushey Padak in Art ({{langx|bn|শিল্পকলায় একুশে পদক}}) is given to recognize the unique contribution of [[music]], [[charisma]], [[dance]], [[drama]] and [[films]] of Bangladesh.<ref name="auto">{{cite news |script-title=bn:একুশে পদক পাচ্ছেন তোয়াব খান, মফিদুল হকসহ ১৬ জন |trans-title=Towb Khan, Mofidul Haq, 16 people including Ekushey Padak |url=https://web.dailyjanakantha.com/details/article/171749/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9B%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8-%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2-%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B9-%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AC-%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8/ |work=Janakantha |date=10 February 2016 |language=bn |access-date=28 February 2018 |archive-date=2 May 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230502162755/https://www.dailyjanakantha.com/details/article/171749/%e0%a6%8f%e0%a6%95%e0%a7%81%e0%a6%b6%e0%a7%87-%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%a6%e0%a6%95-%e0%a6%aa%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%9a%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9b%e0%a7%87%e0%a6%a8-%e0%a6%a4%e0%a7%8b%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%ac-%e0%a6%96%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%a8-%e0%a6%ae%e0%a6%ab%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%a6%e0%a7%81%e0%a6%b2-%e0%a6%b9%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%b8%e0%a6%b9-%e0%a7%a7%e0%a7%ac-%e0%a6%9c%e0%a6%a8/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1977, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced in the beginning [[Abdul Alim (folk singer)|Abdul Alim]], [[Altaf Mahmud]], [[Gul Mohammad Khan]], [[Ferdousi Rahman]], [[Zaheer Raihan]] and [[Rashid Choudhury]] Ekushey Padak in Art was given.<ref name="auto1">{{cite news |script-title=bn:১৬ কৃতী ব্যক্তি পাচ্ছেন একুশে পদক |trans-title=16 creditable person getting Ekushey Padak |url=https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/print-edition/first-page/2016/02/11/101479.html |work=The Daily Ittefaq |date=11 February 2016 |language=bn |access-date=28 February 2018 |archive-date=1 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301164331/https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/print-edition/first-page/2016/02/11/101479.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite news |script-title=bn:একুশে পদকের মনোনয়ন আহ্বান |trans-title=Ekushey Padak Nomination Call |url=https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/national/2017/07/13/120284_print.html |work=The Daily Ittefaq |date=13 July 2017 |language=bn |access-date=28 February 2018 |archive-date=1 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301164453/https://www.ittefaq.com.bd/national/2017/07/13/120284_print.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{cite web |url=https://nhd.gov.bd/content/একুশে_পদক_প্রদানের_সার্বিক_প্রক্রিয়া |title=The overall process of awarding Ekushey Padak |website=nhd.gov.bd |date=4 June 2017 |publisher=Department of Information and Communication Technology, Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh |access-date=28 February 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180301044541/https://nhd.gov.bd/content/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE |archive-date=1 March 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto4">{{cite news |script-title=bn:একুশে পদক ঘোষণা |trans-title=Ekushey Padak Declaration |url=https://archive.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2013-02-07/news/327562 |work=Prothom Alo |date=7 February 2013 |language=bn |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180720195609/https://archive.prothom-alo.com/detail/date/2013-02-07/news/327562 |archive-date=20 July 2018 |access-date=28 February 2018}}</ref>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Economy===
Ekushey Padak in Economy ({{langx|bn|অর্থনীতিতে একুশে পদক}}) is given to recognize the unique contribution of Bangladesh's economy by Bangladeshi citizens.<ref name="auto" /> In 2013, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced, and first Bangladeshi to receive the award was [[Moynul Islam|Dr. Moynul Islam]].<ref name="auto5">{{cite web |url=https://www.moca.gov.bd/site/notices/80de6297-2f40-4198-ac4c-f96084b36b7c/একুশে-পদক-২০১৮-প্রদান |script-title=bn:একুশে পদক ২০১৮ প্রদান |website=[[Ministry of Cultural Affairs (Bangladesh)|Ministry of Culture]] |date=8 February 2018 |language=bn |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180312191053/http://www.moca.gov.bd/site/notices/80de6297-2f40-4198-ac4c-f96084b36b7c/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%87-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%95-%E0%A7%A8%E0%A7%A6%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE-%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8 |archive-date=12 March 2018 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto6">{{cite news |script-title=bn:একুশে পদক পাচ্ছেন একুশ গুণী |trans-title=Twenty-one people receiving Ekushey Padak |url=https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/article/1427161 |work=Prothom Alo |date=8 February 2018 |language=bn |access-date=12 March 2018 |archive-date=18 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180918160827/https://www.prothomalo.com/bangladesh/article/1427161 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Education===
Ekushey Padak in Education ({{langx|bn|শিক্ষায় একুশে পদক}}) is given to recognize of [[Bangladesh]] the unique contributions of the education system.<ref name="auto"/> In 1976, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced in the beginning [[Muhammad Qudrat-i-Khuda]] and [[Muhammad Mansuruddin|Muhammad Mansur Uddin]] Ekushey Padak in Education was given.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Journalism===
Ekushey Padak in Journalism ({{langx|bn|সাংবাদিকতায় একুশে পদক}}) is given to recognize the unique contribution of journalism.<ref name="auto"/> In 1976, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced in the beginning [[Tofazzal Hossain Manik Miah]], [[Abul Kalam Shamsuddin]] and [[Abdus Salam (editor)|Abdus Salam]]<ref>{{cite news |script-title=bn:সম্পাদক আব্দুস সালাম |trans-title=Editor Abdus Salam memorial |url=https://archive.ittefaq.com.bd/index.php?ref=MjBfMDJfMTNfMTRfMV80XzFfMTA4NTAz |work=The Daily Ittefaq |date=13 February 2014 |language=bn |access-date=9 March 2018 |archive-date=27 June 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180627230842/https://archive.ittefaq.com.bd/index.php?ref=MjBfMDJfMTNfMTRfMV80XzFfMTA4NTAz |url-status=live }}</ref> Ekushey Padak in Journalism was given.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Language Movement===
Ekushey Padak in Language Movement ({{langx|bn|ভাষা আন্দোলনে একুশে পদক}}) is one of the main fields of the Ekushey Padak. It is a national given to recognize the contribution of [[Bangla Language Movement]] in 1952.<ref name="auto"/> In 2000 [[Abul Barkat|Language Martyr Barkat]], [[Abdul Jabbar|Language Martyr Jabbar]], [[Abdus Salam (activist)|Language Martyr Salam]], [[Rafiquddin Ahmad|Language Martyr Rafiq]], [[Shafiur Rahman|Language Martyr Shafiur]] and language soldier [[Gaziul Haque]] for the first time was given Ekushey Padak in the Language Movement.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in War of Liberation===
Ekushey Padak in War of Liberation ({{langx|bn|মুক্তিযুদ্ধে একুশে পদক}}) is one of the main fields of the Ekushey Padak. It is a national given to recognize the contribution of 1971's [[Bangladesh Liberation War]].<ref name="auto"/> In 2013, [[Ministry of Social Welfare (Bangladesh)|Social Welfare Minister]] [[Enamul Haque Mostafa Shahid]] For the first time, Ekushey Padak was given in Liberation War.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Literature===
Ekushey Padak in Literature ({{langx|bn|সাহিত্যে একুশে পদক}}) is given to people belonging to literature in Bengali language to give recognition to their unique contribution.<ref name="auto"/> In 1976, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced in the beginning [[Kazi Nazrul Islam]], [[Natyaguru]] [[Nurul Momen]], [[Jasimuddin|Jasim Uddin]], [[Abdul Quadir]] and [[Sufia Kamal]] Ekushey Padak in Literature was given.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Research===
Ekushey Padak in Research ({{langx|bn|গবেষণায় একুশে পদক}}) is given to recognize the unique contribution of Research of Bangladesh.<ref name="auto"/> In 2003, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced in the beginning [[Abdul Mannan Syed]] Ekushey Padak in Research was given.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Science and Technology===
Ekushey Padak in Science and Technology ({{langx|bn|বিজ্ঞান ও প্রযুক্তিতে একুশে পদক}}) is given by the [[Government of Bangladesh]]. This award given to the recognize the unique contributions in science and technology by Bangladeshi citizens.<ref name="auto"/> In 2000, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced, and first Bangladeshi to receive the award was [[Jamal Nazrul Islam]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.moca.gov.bd/en/images/pdf/Ekushe%20Padak%20Prapto%20List%201976-%202014%20.pdf |title=Ekushey Padakaprita Goodbye and Institution |website=[[Ministry of Cultural Affairs (Bangladesh)|Ministry of Culture]] |id=p. 9 |access-date=10 March 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140912045305/http://www.moca.gov.bd/en/images/pdf/Ekushe%20Padak%20Prapto%20List%201976-%202014%20.pdf |archive-date=12 September 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>
 
===Ekushey Padak in Social service===
Ekushey Padak in Social service ({{langx|bn|সমাজসেবায় একুশে পদক}}) is given by the [[Government of Bangladesh]]. This award is given to recognize the unique contribution of social service by Bangladeshi citizens.<ref name="auto" /> In 2000, for the first time, Ekushey Padak was introduced in the beginning [[Mohiuddin Ahmed (politician, born 1925)|Mohiuddin Ahmed]] Ekushey Padak in Social service was given.<ref name="auto1"/><ref name="auto2"/><ref name="auto3"/><ref name="auto4"/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
[[Category:1976 establishments in Asia]]
* {{Official website|www.moca.gov.bd}}
[[Category:1970s establishments in Bangladesh]]
* {{commons-inline}}
 
{{Ekushey Padak}}
{{Bengali honours and decorations}}
{{Language Movement}}
 
[[Category:Ekushey Padak| ]]
[[Category:Ekushey Padak| ]]
[[Category:Civil awards and decorations of Bangladesh]]
[[Category:Bangladeshi media awards]]
[[Category:Bengali language movement]]
[[Category:Awards established in 1976]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in Bangladesh]]

Latest revision as of 17:18, 12 February 2025

Ekushey Padak
Type National Civilian
Country Bangladesh
Established 1976

Ekushey Padak is one of the highest civilian awards in Bangladesh. It was introduced in memory of the martyrs of the Language Movement of 1952.[1]

The award consists of 100,000 Taka, an 18 carat gold medal weighing 3 tolas. It also includes a certificate of honour.[1] The medal was designed by the artist Nitun Kundu.[2] The amount of the cash reward was originally 25 thousand taka, but it was increased to 100 thousand taka. The Ministry of Cultural Affairs manages the Padak.

Prize categories and winners

Certificate of Ekushey Padak given to Principal Abul Kashem

Awards by decade

  • Ekushey Padak Awards (1976–1979)
  • Ekushey Padak Awards (1980–1989)
  • Ekushey Padak Awards (1990–1999)
  • Ekushey Padak Awards (2000–2009)
  • Ekushey Padak Awards (2010–2019)

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Om Gupta, Encyclopaedia of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh (Delhi: Isha Books, 2006), p. 691
  2. ↑ Obituary of Nitun Kundu, The Daily Star, September 16, 2006.
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