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{{Short description|Central bank of Bangladesh}}{{Infobox central bank|bank_name=Bangladesh Bank|native_name=বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক|logo=Bangladesh Bank Logo.svg|logo_caption=Logo of Bangladesh Bank|headquarters=[[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]|established=16 December 1971|ownership=100% state ownership|president_title=Governor|president=Abdur Rouf Talukder|currency=[[Bangladeshi taka]] (৳)|currency_iso=BDT|reserves=$36 billion (as of 2024)<ref>{{cite web |title=Bangladesh Bank Reserves |url=https://www.bb.org.bd |access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>|website=[https://www.bb.org.bd www.bb.org.bd]}}

The '''Bangladesh Bank''' ({{lang-bn|বাংলাদেশ ব্যাংক}}) is the central bank and monetary authority of [[Bangladesh]]. Established on 16 December 1971, it is responsible for managing the country's currency, [[Bangladeshi taka]] (৳), formulating monetary policy, and overseeing the banking sector. Its headquarters is located in [[Dhaka]], with branch offices in major cities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bangladesh Bank|url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bangladesh-Bank|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== History ==
Bangladesh Bank was founded in 1971 following the independence of Bangladesh. It was created by adapting the operations of the Dhaka branch of the [[State Bank of Pakistan]] under the Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972.<ref>{{cite web|title=History of Bangladesh Bank|url=https://www.bb.org.bd/history|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== Functions ==
Bangladesh Bank performs several key functions as the central bank of the country:

* '''Issuance of Currency''': The bank is the sole authority to issue the national currency, the [[Bangladeshi taka]].
* '''Monetary Policy''': It formulates and implements monetary policy to ensure price stability and economic growth.
* '''Regulation and Supervision''': Oversees and regulates commercial banks, financial institutions, and non-banking financial companies.
* '''Foreign Exchange Management''': Manages the country's foreign currency reserves and regulates foreign exchange transactions.
* '''Developmental Role''': Supports financial inclusion, SME development, and environmental sustainability through green banking initiatives.<ref>{{cite web|title=Functions of Bangladesh Bank|url=https://www.bb.org.bd/about/functions.php|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== Structure ==
The bank is governed by a Board of Directors, led by the Governor, who is appointed by the Government of Bangladesh. The current Governor is '''Abdur Rouf Talukder''' (as of 2024).<ref>{{cite web|title=Current Governor of Bangladesh Bank|url=https://www.bb.org.bd/about/governor.php|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== Branches ==
Bangladesh Bank operates through its headquarters in Dhaka and nine branch offices located in major cities such as:

* [[Chattogram]]
* [[Khulna]]
* [[Rajshahi]]
* [[Sylhet]]
* [[Barisal]]
* [[Rangpur]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Branch Offices|url=https://www.bb.org.bd/branch_locations|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== Currency and Reserves ==
The bank issues and regulates the [[Bangladeshi taka]] and manages the country's foreign currency reserves, which stood at approximately $36 billion in 2024. It also ensures the stability of the financial system.<ref>{{cite web|title=Reserves of Bangladesh Bank|url=https://www.bangladeshbank.org/reserves|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== Digital Initiatives ==
Bangladesh Bank has implemented various digital banking initiatives, including:

* Launch of the [[National Payment Switch Bangladesh]] (NPSB).
* Implementation of real-time gross settlement (RTGS) systems.
* Promotion of mobile banking to enhance financial inclusion.<ref>{{cite web|title=Digital Banking in Bangladesh|url=https://www.bb.org.bd/financial_inclusion|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== Notable Incidents ==
In 2016, the Bangladesh Bank became the victim of a significant cyberattack, where hackers stole $81 million from its account at the [[Federal Reserve Bank of New York]]. This highlighted the need for enhanced cybersecurity measures.<ref>{{cite web|title=2016 Bangladesh Bank Cyber Heist|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cyber-heist-bangladesh-idUSKCN0Y12B1|access-date=December 15, 2024}}</ref>

== See also ==

* [[Bangladeshi taka]]
* [[Economy of Bangladesh]]
* [[National Payment Switch Bangladesh]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* [https://www.bb.org.bd Bangladesh Bank – Official Website]
* [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Bangladesh-Bank Britannica – Bangladesh Bank]

Bangladesh Bank - Revision history